The effect of eating alone on body mass index and body fat level and distribution in community dwelling older adults: a secondary analysis of Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

Project Summary

Weight loss in older adults can cause muscle wasting, weakened immune function, and higher mortality risk. Weight loss often leads to muscle loss, causing unhealthy body composition. Eating alone significantly affects health outcomes, especially among older adults who live alone due to family changes or spouse loss. Studies from Asia show eating alone is associated with higher mortality and metabolic syndrome risk, especially in men, while women who eat alone may have lower obesity risk owing to reduced energy intake perhaps through meal skipping. Limited research exists on eating alone among Canadian older adults. Drawing on 30,000 adults aged 45-85 we will examine how eating alone affects body weight, fat percentage, and distribution in men and women. We will also explore how meal skipping and diet quality influence this relationship. Understanding how eating alone impacts body weight and composition can inform interventions for healthier eating habits and well-being in older adults.